Temperaments

Four Temperaments

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the modern psychological theory of temperament.

 

Four Temperaments is a theory of psychology that stems from the ancient medical concept of humorism.

Contents 1 History and development 2 The four temperament types 2.1 Sanguine 2.2 Choleric 2.3 Melancholic 2.4 Phlegmatic 3 Decline in popularity 4 Modern adaptations 4.1 Temperament blends 5 See also

 History and development

Temperament theory has its roots in the ancient four humors theory. It may have origins in ancient Egypt or Mesopotamia,but it was the Greek physician Hippocrates (460-370 BC) who developed it into a medical theory. He believed certain human moods, emotions and behaviors were caused by body fluids (called "humors"): blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm. Next, Galen (AD 131-200) developed the first typology of temperament in his dissertation De temperamentis, and searched for physiological reasons for different behaviors in humans. He mapped them to a matrix of hot/cold and dry/wet taken from the Four Elements.There could also be "balance" between the qualities, yielding a total of nine temperaments. The word "temperament" itself comes from Latin "temperare", "to mix". In the ideal personality, the complementary characteristics or warm-cool and dry-moist were exquisitely balanced. In four less ideal types, one of the four qualities was dominant over all the others. In the remaining four types, one pair of qualities dominated the complimentary pair; for example; warm and moist dominated cool and dry. These latter four were the temperamental categories Galen named "sanguine", "melancholic", "choleric" and "phlegmatic" after the bodily humors. Each was the result of an excess of one of the humors that produced, in turn, the imbalance in paired qualities.
In The Canon of Medicine, Avicenna (980-1037 AD) then extended the theory of temperaments to encompass "emotional aspects, mental capacity, moral attitudes, self-awareness, movements and dreams."
Nicholas Culpeper (1616–1654) disregarded the idea of fluids as defining human behavior, and Immanuel Kant (1724–1804), Rudolf Steiner (1861–1925), Alfred Adler (1879–1937), Erich Adickes (1866–1925), Eduard Spränger (1914), Ernst Kretschmer (1920), and Erich Fromm (1947) all theorized on the four temperaments (with different names) and greatly shaped our modern theories of temperament. Hans Eysenck (1916–1997) was one of the first psychologists to analyze personality differences using a psycho-statistical method (factor analysis), and his research led him to believe that temperament is biologically based. The factors he proposed in his book Dimensions of Personality were Neuroticism (N) which was the tendency to experience negative emotions, and the second was Extraversion (E) which was the tendency to enjoy positive events, especially social ones. By pairing the two dimensions, Eysenck noted how the results were similar to the four ancient temperaments.
Other researchers developed similar systems, many of which did not use the ancient temperament names, and several paired extroversion with a different factor, which would determine relationship/task-orientation. Examples are DiSC assessment, Social Styles, and a theory that adds a fifth temperament. One of the most popular today is the Keirsey Temperament Sorter, whose four temperaments were based largely on the Greek gods Apollo, Dionysus, Epimetheus and Prometheus, and were mapped to the 16 types of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). They were renamed (SP=Artisan, SJ=Guardian, NF=Idealist, NT=Rational). Rather than using extroversion and introversion (E/I) and task/people focus, like other theories, KTS mapped the temperaments to "Sensing" and "Intuition" (S/N, renamed "concrete" and "abstract") paired with a new category, "Cooperative" and "pragmatic" . When "Role-Informative" and "Role-Directive" ( corresponding to people/task-orientation), and finally E/I are factored in, you attain the 16 types. Finally, the Interaction Styles of Linda V. Berens combines Directing and Informing with E/I to form another group of "styles" which greatly resemble the ancient temperaments, and these are mapped together with the Keirsey Temperaments onto the 16 types.

 The four temperament types

Each of the four types of humours corresponded to a different personality type.

 Sanguine

 

The Sanguine temperament personality is fairly extroverted. People of a sanguine temperament tend to enjoy social gatherings, making new friends and tend to be quite loud. They are usually quite creative and often daydream. However, some alone time is crucial for those of this temperament. Sanguine can also mean very sensitive, compassionate and thoughtful. Sanguine personalities generally struggle with following tasks all the way through, are chronically late, and tend to be forgetful and sometimes a little sarcastic. Often, when pursuing a new hobby, interest is lost quickly when it ceases to be engaging or fun. They are very much people persons. They are talkative and not shy. For some people, these are the ones you want to be friends with and usually they become life long friends.

 Choleric

 

A person who is choleric is a do-er. They have a lot of ambition, energy, and passion, and try to instil it in others. They can dominate people of other temperaments, especially phlegmatic types. Many great charismatic military and political figures were cholerics. They like to be leaders and in charge of everything.

 Melancholic

 

A person who is a thoughtful ponderer has a melancholic disposition. Often very considerate and get rather worried when they could not be on time for events, melancholics can be highly creative in activities such as poetry and art - and can become occupied with the tragedy and cruelty in the world. A melancholic is also often a perfectionist. They are often self-reliant and independent; one negative part of being a melancholic is sometimes they can get so involved in what they are doing they forget to think of others.

 Phlegmatic

 

Phlegmatics tend to be self-content and kind. They can be very accepting and affectionate. They may be very receptive and shy and often prefer stability to uncertainty and change. They are very consistent, relaxed, rational, curious, and observant, making them good administrators . However they can also be very passive aggressive.

Decline in popularity

When the concept of the temperaments was on the wane, many critics dropped the phlegmatic, or defined it purely negatively, such as the German philosopher Immanuel Kant, as the absence of temperament. In the Five Temperaments theory, the classical Phlegmatic temperament is in fact deemed to be a neutral temperament, whereas the "relationship-oriented introvert" position traditionally held by the Phlegmatic is declared to be a new "fifth temperament."

 Modern adaptations

Christian writer Tim LaHaye has attempted to repopularize the ancient temperaments through his books. In Waldorf education and anthroposophy, the temperaments are used to help understand personality. They are seen as avenues into teaching, with many different types of blends, which can be utilized to help with both discipline and defining the methods used with individual children and class balance.
Psychologist and writer Florence Littauer also describes the four personality types in her book Personality Plus.
One of the most current assessments of the four temperaments, Personality Dimensions, was created in 2003 in Canada, utilizing the work of Linda Berens, David Keirsey, et al.
Author Rupert Thomson used the four temperaments in his dystopian novel Divided Kingdom as the basis for dividing the population of a futuristic society.
Robert A. Rohm PhD. has an excellent study of the four temperaments in his book Positive Personality Profiles, Where all the personality traits are shown to be positive traits and easily understood with his circle D.I.S.C. graph.

 Temperament blends

LaHaye believes there are twelve mixtures of the four temperaments, representing people who have the traits of two temperaments, called Mel-Chlor, Chlor-San, San-Phleg, Phleg-Mel, Mel-San, Chlor-Phleg; and the reverse of these: Chlor-Mel, San-Chlor, Phleg-San, Mel-Phleg, San-Mel, and Phleg-Chlor. The order of temperaments in these pairs was based on which temperament was the "dominant" one (this is usually expressed by percentages). A person can also be a blend of three temperaments. Other four-type models, such as Social Styles, also have similar blends , and in the five temperament theory, the blends are defined along the three areas of "Inclusion", "Control", and "Affection". The blends expand the number of types to sixteen (twelve blends of two types, plus the four pure types) or more (for blends of three).
It is equally important to consider the possibility that the four temperaments may not refer to personality but to mood. The distinction between mood and personality has largely been lost in modern psychology. Sanguine, Choleric, Melancholic and Phlegmatic might equally well refer to the moods of "activity", "stressful anxiety", "sadness or depressed" and "calm or placidity". This interpretation of the four temperaments, allows the medical approach to the four humours to be better understood (Miller Liz Dr, 2009). Manipulation of the four humours was about changing the way people felt, rather than changing their personality type.

 See also

• Disposition
• Five Temperaments
• Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation
• Humorism
• Enneagram of Personality
• Table of similar systems of comparison of temperaments
• Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

It Girl




Clara Bow

  It girl

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
An It girl or It-girl is an attractive young woman who receives intense media coverage unrelated or disproportional to personal achievements. The reign of an "It girl" is usually temporary; some of the rising It girls will either become fully-fledged celebrities or their popularity will fade. The term "It boy", much less frequently used, is the male equivalent. This term is unrelated to the abbreviation IT.

Contents
 1 Clara Bow and It (1927)
2 Modern "It girls"
3 Musical
4 See also
5 References
6 External links

Clara Bow and It (1927)

Clara Bow - the original It-girlThe term was coined by English romance novelist and screenwriter Elinor Glyn in a story in Cosmopolitan magazine and subsequently used to describe actress Clara Bow as she appeared in the 1927 Hollywood silent film It. In the introduction to the film, Glyn described the term thus:

"IT" is that quality possessed by some which draws all others with its magnetic force. With "IT" you win all men if you are a woman—and all women if you are a man. "IT" can be a quality of the mind as well as a physical attraction.
and

Self-confidence and indifference whether you are pleasing or not — and something in you that gives the impression that you are not at all cold. That's "IT".
and

Personality plus, Glyn told journalists, was the "rock-bottom" definition of the word
However, the movie also plays with the notion that "it" is a quality which eschews definitions and categories; consequently the girl portrayed by Bow is an amalgam of an ingenue and a femme fatale, with a touch of "material girl". By contrast, her rival is equally young and comely, and even rich, blonde and well-bred to boot, but she simply hasn't got "it".

Loosely based on Glyn's novella of the same title, the movie was planned as a special showcase for the popular Paramount Studios star. Owing to Glyn's widely publicized pronouncement, the term It girl entered the cultural lexicon. Bow herself, kept the issue at arms length stating she wasn't sure what it meant .

Modern "It girls"
Since 1927, the term has been extended beyond the world of film, referring to whoever in society, fashion or the performing arts was in vogue at the time, and eventually extending beyond young female performing artists to mere "media celebrities".

The British underground newspaper International Times, also known as IT, used as its logo a black-and-white image of Theda Bara, vampish star of silent films. The founders' original intention had been to incorporate an image of Clara Bow, but an image of Theda Bara was used by accident and, once deployed, was never changed. The paper's logo is therefore sometimes called 'the it girl'. Andy Warhol's muse, Edie Sedgwick, was dubbed the It Girl.

The writer William Donaldson observed that, having initially been coined in the 1920s, the term was applied in the 1990s to describe "a young woman of noticeable 'sex appeal' who occupied herself by shoe shopping and party-going."

Musical
Glyn's movie script was adapted into a musical called The It Girl, which opened off-Broadway in 2001 at the York Theatre Company starring Jean Louisa Kelly.

See also
15 minutes of fame
Celebutante
Famous for being famous

 References
1.Weedon, Alexis, 'Elinor Glyn's System of Writing', Publishing History, vol. 60. pp. 31-50 2006.
2. a b Introduction script from the movie "It" (USA, 1927)
3.The Southtown Economist, February 4, 1927
4.Waterloo Daily Courier, September 21, 1950
5. http://amanoutoftime.livejournal.com/600411.html?mode=reply
6. Brewer's Rogues, Villains and Eccentrics, 2002
7.It Girl Musical

 External links

Clara Bow, the original It girl





Scott Schuman - Garance Dore

  





Alexa Chung

  






Olivia Palermo

  

Nonsense

Nonsense (pronounced /ˈnɒnsəns/ (UK), /ˈnɒnsɛns/ (US)) is a verbal communication or written text that is spoken or written in a human language or other symbolic system but lacks any coherent meaning. Many poets, novelists and songwriters have used nonsense in their works, often creating entire works using it. It is also an important field of study in cryptography.

Contents 1 Literary nonsense 1.1 Nonsense verse 1.1.1 Examples 2 Cryptography 3 Teaching machines to talk nonsense 4 Technical meaning in Wittgenstein

 Literary nonsense

The phrase "Colorless green ideas sleep furiously" was coined by Noam Chomsky as an example of nonsense. The individual words make sense and are arranged according to proper grammatical rules, yet the result is nonsense. The inspiration for this attempt at creating verbal nonsense came from the idea of contradiction (for a start, how can a green idea be colorless?) and seemingly irrelevant and/or incompatible characteristics, which conspire to make the phrase meaningless. The phrase "the square root of Tuesday" operates on the latter principle. This principle is behind the inscrutability of the kōan "What is the sound of one hand clapping?", where one hand would presumably be insufficient for clapping without the intervention of another.

James Joyce’s final novel Finnegans Wake uses nonsense in a similar way: full of portmanteau words, it appears to be pregnant with multiple layers of meaning, but in many passages it is difficult to say whether any one person’s interpretation of a text could be the intended or correct one.

 Nonsense verse

Jabberwocky, a poem (of nonsense verse) found in Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There by Lewis Carroll (1871), is a nonsense poem written in the English language. The word jabberwocky is also occasionally used as a synonym of nonsense.Nonsense verse is the verse form of literary nonsense, a genre that can manifest in many other ways. Its best-known exponent is Edward Lear, author of The Owl and the Pussycat and hundreds of limericks.
Nonsense verse is part of a long line of tradition predating Lear: the nursery rhyme Hey Diddle Diddle could also be termed a nonsense verse. There are also some works which appear to be nonsense verse, but actually are not, such as the popular 1940s song Mairzy Doats.
Lewis Carroll, seeking a nonsense riddle, once posed the question How is a raven like a writing desk?. Someone answered him, Because Poe wrote on both. However, there are other possible answers (e.g. both have inky quills).
Lines of nonsense frequently figure in the refrains of folksongs, where nonsense riddles and knock-knock jokes are often encountered.

 Examples

The first verse of Jabberwocky by Lewis Carroll;

'Twas brillig, and the slithy toves
Did gyre and gimble in the wabe;
All mimsy were the borogoves,
And the mome raths outgrabe.

The first four lines of On the Ning Nang Nong by Spike Milligan;
On the Ning Nang Nong

Where the cows go Bong!
and the monkeys all say BOO!
There's a Nong Nang Ning

The first verse of Spirk Troll-Derisive by James Whitcomb Riley;
The Crankadox leaned o'er the edge of the moon,

And wistfully gazed on the sea
Where the Gryxabodill madly whistled a tune
To the air of "Ti-fol-de-ding-dee."

The first four lines of The Mayor of Scuttleton by Mary Mapes Dodge;

The Mayor of Scuttleton burned his nose
Trying to warm his copper toes;
He lost his money and spoiled his will
By signing his name with an icicle quill;

The first four lines of Oh Freddled Gruntbuggly by Prostetnic Vogon Jeltz; a creation of Douglas Adams

Oh freddled gruntbuggly,
Thy micturations are to me
As plurdled gabbleblotchits on a lurgid bee.
Groop I implore thee, my foonting turlingdromes

Cryptography

The problem of distinguishing sense from nonsense is important in cryptography and other intelligence fields. For example, they need to distinguish signal from noise. Cryptanalysts have devised algorithms for this purpose, to determine whether a given text is in fact nonsense or not. These algorithms typically analyze the presence of repetitions and redundancy in a text; in meaningful texts, certain frequently used words — for example, the, is and and in a text in the English language — will recur. A random scattering of letters, punctuation marks and spaces will not exhibit these regularities. Zipf's law attempts to state this analysis in the language of mathematics. By contrast, cryptographers typically seek to make their cipher texts resemble random distributions, to avoid telltale repetitions and patterns which may give an opening for cryptanalysis.
It is harder for cryptographers to deal with the presence or absence of meaning in a text in which the level of redundancy and repetition is higher than found in natural languages (for example, in the mysterious text of the Voynich manuscript).

 Teaching machines to talk nonsense

Scientists have attempted to teach machines to produce nonsense. The Markov chain technique is one method which has been used to generate texts by algorithm and randomizing techniques that seem meaningful. Another method is sometimes called the Mad Libs method: it involves the creation of templates for various sentence structures, and filling in the blanks with noun phrases or verb phrases; these phrase-generation procedures can be looped to add recursion, giving the output the appearance of greater complexity and sophistication. Racter was a computer program which generated nonsense texts by this method; however, Racter’s book, The Policeman’s Beard is Half Constructed, proved to have been the product of heavy human editing of the program's output.

 Technical meaning in Wittgenstein

In Ludwig Wittgenstein's writings, the word "nonsense" carries a special technical meaning which differs significantly from the normal use of the word. In this sense, "nonsense" does not refer to meaningless gibberish, but rather to the lack of sense in the context of sense and reference. In this context, logical tautologies, and purely mathematical propositions may be regarded as "nonsense". For example, "1+1=2" is a nonsensical proposition.
It is important to note that here "nonsense" does not necessarily carry negative connotations. Indeed, Wittgenstein wrote in Tractatus Logico Philosophicus that some of the propositions contained in his own book should be regarded as nonsense.


From Wikipedia the Free Encyclopedia

Numb

U2

Don't move
Don't talk out-a time,
Don't think
Don't worry, everything's just fine
Just fine.
Don't grab
Don't clutch
Don't hope for too much
Don't breathe
Don't achieve
Don't grieve without leave.
Don't check, just balance on the fence
Don't answer
Don't ask
Don't try and make sense.
Don't whisper
Don't talk
Don't run if you can walk,
Don't cheat, compete
Don't miss the one beat.
Don't travel by train
Don't eat
Don't spill
Don't piss in the drain
Don't make a will.
Don't fill out any forms
Don't compensate
Don't cover
Don't crawl
Don't come around late
Don't hover at the gate

Don't take it on board
Don't fall on your sword
Just play another chord
If you feel you're getting bored
Don't change your brand
Don't listen to the band
Don't gape
Don't ape
Don't change your shape
Have another grape
Don't plead
Don't bridle
Don't shackle
Don't grind
Don't curve
Don't swerve
Don't lie, die, serve
Don't theorise, realise, polarise
Chance, dance, dismiss, apologise
Don't spy
Don't lie
Don't try
Imply
Detain
Explain
Start again
Don't triumph
Don't coax
Don't cling
Don't hoax
Don't freak
Peak
Don't leak
Don't speak
Don't project
Don't connect
Protect
Don't expect
Suggest
Don't project
Don't connect
Protect
Don't expect
Suggest
Don't struggle
Don't jerk
Don't collar
Don't work
Don't wish
Don't fish
Don't teach
Don't reach
Don't borrow
Don't break
Don't fence
Don't steal
Don't pass
Don't press
Don't try
Don't feel
Don't touch
Don't dive
Don't suffer
Don't rhyme
Don't fantasise
Don't rise
Don't lie
Don't project
Don't connect
Protect
Don't expect
Suggest
Don't project
Don't connect
Protect
Don't expect
Suggest

(BONO AND LARRY MULLEN JR. - backing vocal)
I feel numb
I feel numb
Too much is not enough
Gimme some more
Gimme some more
Of that stuff love
Too much is not enough
Too much is not enough
I feel numb
I feel numb
Gimme what you got
Gimme what I don't get
Gimme what you got
Too much is not enough
I feel numb
I feel numb
Gimme some more
Gimme some more
Of that stuff love
Gimme some more
Too much is not enough
I feel numb
I feel numb
I feel numb
I feel numb
I feel numb
I feel numb
I feel numb
I feel numb
I feel numb
I feel numb
I feel numb


The Edge - Numb



Mainstream

Mainstream is, generally, the common current thought of the majority. However, the mainstream is far from cohesive; rather the concept is often considered a cultural construct. It is a term most often applied in the arts (i.e., music, literature, and performance). This includes:

• something that is available to the general public;
• something that has ties to corporate or commercial entities.
• As such, the mainstream includes all popular culture, typically disseminated by mass media. The opposite of the mainstream are subcultures, countercultures, cult followings, and (in fiction) genre. Additionally, mainstream is sometimes a codeword used for an actual ethnocentric or hegemonic subculture point of view, especially when delivered in a culture war speech. It is often used as a pejorative term. In the United States, mainline churches are sometimes referred to synonymously as "mainstream."

Contents 1 In film 2 In the media 3 In literature 4 In music 5 In sociology 6 Gender mainstreaming 7 Education

In film

Mainstream films can best be defined as commercial films that have a wide release and play in first run theatres (A movie theater that runs primarily mainstream film fare from the major film companies and distributors, during the initial release period of each film). Being sold at popular stores, or more typically, at general stores can also be an indicator. Hollywood movies are usually considered mainstream and blockbusters are also mainstream films. The boundary is vague. Mainstream suggests middle-of-the-road and implies commercial viability, sometimes implying that the commercial viability is tantamount to a loss of artistic creativity. The opposite of mainstream film may be experimental film, art film or cult film.

 In the media

Mainstream media, or mass media, is generally applied to print publications, such as newspapers and magazines that contain the highest readership among the public, along with television and radio stations that contain the highest viewing and listener audience, respectively. This is in contrast to various independent publications, such as alternative weekly newspapers, specialized magazines in various organizations and corporations, and various electronic sources such as podcasts and blogs (Though certain blogs are more mainstream than others given their association with a mainstream source.

 In literature

In literature, particularly in literary criticism, "mainstream" is used to designate traditional realistic or mimetic fiction, as opposed to genre fictions such as science fiction, romance novels and mysteries, as well as to experimental fiction.

In music

Mainstream music denotes music that is familiar and unthreatening to the masses, as for example popular music, pop music, middle of the road music, pop rap or soft rock; Mainstream jazz is generally seen as an evolution of be-bop, which was originally regarded as radical.
Opposing mainstream music is the music of subcultures. This exists in virtually all genres of music and is found commonly in punk rock, indie rock, alternative/underground hip hop, anti-folk and heavy metal, among others. In the 1960s this music was exemplified by the music of the hippie counterculture. In more recent years alternative rock, such as the music of Nirvana, has managed to express musical nonconformity while still working within the confines of the mainstream music market.Punk rock has distinguished itself from other non-mainstream genres by self-asserting an active anti-mainstream social movement that resists commercialism and corporate control. The punk subculture generally frowns upon major label bands that play punk music that disavows the DIY punk ethic, and views them as synonymous with mainstream music. Punk has lent this stringent DIY ethic to the indie rock that surfaced in the early 1990s underground. Several anti-corporate and not-for-profit forms of alternative protest have surfaced in the punk underground, such as self-made publications known as zines, where there is greater freedom to discuss controversial (usually far left) political issues such as discrimination, LGBT community issues, feminism, antitheism, and veganism. And though often viewed as a youthful expression of rebellion by the mainstream media, modern punk embodies a range of age groups who generally disagree with the perceived homogeneity of countercultural principals and it is not uncommon for middle-aged people to form punk houses and resistance movements in the face of what they view as the widespread, unfair exploitation of human and animal rights. This modern faction is dominantly voiced through the anarcho-punk and crust punk subcultures, in attempt to combat what is seen by those groups as a general devaluation of, and profitization from, life.

 In sociology

Mainstream pressure, through actions such as peer pressure, can force individuals to conform to the mores of the group (e.g., an obedience to the mandates of the peer group). Some have stated that they see mainstream as the antithesis of individuality.

 Gender mainstreaming

The difference of male and female, in the sense that human beings are distinguished as non-conformant.

Education

Mainstreaming is the practice of bringing disabled students and into the “mainstream” of student life. Mainstreamed students attend some classes with typical students and other classes with students that have similar disabilities. Mainstreaming represents a midpoint between full inclusion (all students spend all day in the regular classroom) and dedicated, self-contained classrooms or special schools (disabled students are isolated with other disabled students).

From Wikipedia , the free encyclopedia

Preppy Style

Preppy

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Preppy, preppie, or prep (all abbreviations of the word preparatory) refers to a modern, widespread United States clique, sometimes considered a youth subculture. Preppy is a chiefly North American adjective or noun traditionally used in relation to northeastern private university-preparatory schools and denotes a person seen as characteristic of an attendee of these schools. Characteristics of preppies include a particular subcultural speech, vocabulary, accent, dress, mannerisms, and etiquette. Preps often are associated with traditionalist, East Coast, upper class "WASP" families in the United States.

The word is particularly well-known amongst American teenagers, as it is quite often used to refer to a particular subculture present within most populous American high schools: the traditionally "popular kids", generally consisting of the children of middle to upper class families, typically characterized (especially by Hollywood in films such as John Hughes' Sixteen Candles and The Breakfast Club) as a shallow, transparent group, who are primarily concerned with extrinsic things, the three most obvious of which are probably popularity (generally within their own high school), physical appearance and material possessions. However, when used in this sense, the word is considered slightly more "slang-ish" when it is shortened to the term "prep(s)".
In the U.S. region of New England, the term is not necessarily pejorative or even related to class, as "preppy" clothing is relatively normative.

Contents 1 Definition 2 Fashion 3 Lifestyle

 Definition

The preppy style originated in the 1950s. As the style is associated with the WASP ethnonym, preppies frequently wear more traditional styles.Classical preps frequently dress formally; the teenage prep often models the appearance of a young professional adult.

Fashion

Brands such as Brooks Brothers, L.L. Bean, Ralph Lauren, Vineyard Vines, Lilly Pulitzer, Elizabeth McKay, Lacoste,J. Crew, and J. Press are frequently perceived as preppy styles. Examples of preppy attire include button down Oxford cloth shirts, argyle sweaters, cuffed chinos, madras, Nantucket Reds, and boat shoes.
In 1980, the author and private school alumna Lisa Birnbach edited The Official Preppy Handbook, a tongue-in-cheek guide to what she termed "prepdom". Birnbach, with Chip Kidd, have authored True Prep, a followup to the 1980 handbook, published September 2010 by Knopf.
Preppy fashion became popular in the 1980s and enjoyed a revival in the 2000s, as did the related style of "Ivy League" or "Trad" clothing.


Lifestyle


Among the more common sports played by preps are badminton, equestrian sports, skiing, fencing, shooting, tennis, golf, rowing, field hockey, sailing, croquet, squash, lacrosse, polo, rugby and cricket.Preps are generally characterized by an attachment to traditional "old school" beliefs and attitudes, typically rooted in family pride or lineage.

What matches perfectly with a Nantucket summer, sailing, and elite Ivy League schools? If you’ve noticed polos, khaki shorts, and sporty accessories, then you’ve got the answer: preppy style.
Preppy style may be a trend, but it’s also a classic look. Preppy never truly went away—although we can say that it was lying dormant before it surfaced again. The preppy look first surfaced as a true trend in the late 1970s through 1980s, after sportswear and athletic gear was accepted and adapted into casual wear.
Preppy look this season has a strong emphasis on color. They’re a preppy clothes trademark and used for both prints and solids. We see kelly green, purple, yellow, and bright pink most, but the signature polo shirt can be found in any bold solid. The polo shirt—from Lacoste or Ralph Lauren is classic and most popular—can be worn with any simple slacks or shorts, which means it’s a good place to start if you’re looking to incorporate preppy style into your wardrobe in an affordable separate.
If you’ve already got plenty of preppy polos, there are updated styles this season to enjoy. Kris Van Assche’s collection incorporated new polo styles that included an oversized button placket and shoulder epaulets. These details are perfect if you want to take your preppy style to the club, paired with your favorite jeans. Van Assche’s polos drew from a strong palette of buttercup yellow, sage green, putty, and tans—great for layering.
Preppy style also comes in overstated, unisex florals and repeated patterns. If you’ve seen small repeating whale patterns, that’s the kind that finds itself on preppy shoes, satchels, and shorts. In the 1980s, madras shorts and other plaids were worn with bright colors and baseball caps. This season, Dries Van Noten brought us a floral plaid—a combination of two trendy patterns and a very new look.
Nautical inspiration is a preppy clothes staple. D&G went out for a sail in its most recent collection, using nautical-themed clothes for very elegant takes on the simple look. United Bamboo employed a jaunty nautical effect for 2007. Their collection, based on a hipper version of the country club scene, had navy and red cardigans parading down the runway, matched with slim simple trousers.
Preppy shoes are always comfortable and usually slip-on. Footwear is borrowed from yachting and beachwear styles, like a simple rubber thing or loafer. This season, try a pair of topsiders from a more simple source like L.L. Bean or J. Crew, or go for the new Prada loafers for a similar effect, but a more urban feel.
All flat slip-on shoes this season can be worn with preppy-inspired trousers. California label Trovata, which always gives us reworked cool classics, paired slip-on espadrilles in navy and white with cutoff shorts and bucket hats—not to mention the classic polo. Their seafaring theme complemented preppy trends flawlessly, with a basic color palette, nautical flavor, and sporty overtones. Bucket hats and pullovers finished off the look. Loafers at polo-shirt classic brand Lacoste were white and comfortable, and were worn with simple flat-front trousers in a vibrant pink shade.
Preppy style is surprisingly simple, which means that you can find affordable choices alongside very elegant pieces. You can get your preppy clothing basics from the likes of J. Crew, Ben Sherman, and Penguin, or dress them up with a blazer or light overcoat. Regardless of how you wear your preppy look, you’ll be guaranteed two things: comfort and style!

Are you blasé?

Twiggy

Etymology
From French blasé

 Pronunciation

• IPA : /blɑːzeɪ/

 Adjective

blasé (comparative more blasé, superlative most blasé)

1. Unimpressed with something because of over-familiarity.

 Synonyms

• casual, indifferent, jaded, nonchalant, unimpressed, trite

Anagrams

• ables
• bales
• Basel
• Basle
• sable

From Wiktionary.